Over-exploitation is harvesting renewable resources to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained over-exploitation can lead to destruction of resources. Over-exploitation of land and water is today’s biggest problem. Inappropriate use of land is major cause of decline of soil fertility, development of acidity, salinization, alkalization, deterioration of soil structure, soil erosion and loss of organic matter. Over utilization of water, excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, release of industrial waste directly in water bodies and power generation from water causes exploitation of water. Misuse of an ecosystem leads to loss of valuable resources.